ot-snippet V. 002#196 2022-01-18
available snippets :

betabug
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Read first https://github.com/linuxmint/mint20.3-beta.
[P2]> Report bugs/issues at https://github.com/linuxmint/mint20.3-beta/issues?q=is%3Aissue+ (<- click onto link(s) to open)
[P2]> Check first available bug-reports to avoid creating duplicate entries - if you find a matching bug-report (still marked as 'open'): prefer to add your additional information there.

hi
-----------------------------------------------------
Welcome to the official linuxmint support channel - if you need support: describe your issue + used mint version: 19.x, 20.x, lmde4 ? + desktop environment: cinnamon, mate, xfce ?; stay connected afterwards == people need some time to answer...
Use /join #linuxmint-chat for general/non-support chat ... - many people are there too

ask
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> If you need support - describe your issue, giving some (more) details + version used: mint 19.x,20.x, lmde4 ? + DE: cinnamon, mate, xfce? - if anybody has an answer she/he will reply.
[P2]> Stay connected afterwards ==  people need some time to answer....

wait
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> If you get no other reply - just stay connected and probably reask after some 10-15 minutes.
[P2]> You could in the meantime check the ubuntu- and mint-forums too: https://forums.linuxmint.com/index.php  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

waithw
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> If you get no other reply - just stay connected and probably reask after some 10-15 minutes.
[P2]> You could in the meantime check the ubuntu- and mint-forums too: https://forums.linuxmint.com/index.php  (<- click onto link(s) to open)
[P2]> For hardware-related issues (and if it's a common/known issue): searching for your exact make/model does sometimes show related threads and potential workarounds.

chat
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2] ... here is linux-mint support ONLY; use /join #linuxmint-chat for general/non-support chat ... - many people are there too

caps
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2] ... turn caps-lock off pls - you are SHOUTING at people and could result in being ingnored by supporters

fun
-----------------------------------------------------
you're welcome [P2] - have fun

luck
-----------------------------------------------------
good luck [P2] - have fun

may
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> ... you are allowed to use words and even complete sentences here ...

noise
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> spamming random noise at the channels might result in getting kicked or muted

prefer
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> prefer to run account related tasks at the 'SpotChat' server channel (see the treenode/tabs)
[P2]> as this prevents to leak personal information to a public channel (here) by mistake
[P2]> irc commands have to be run with a leading '/' without any leading space before

code
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Copy&Paste the community-code without leading and trailing blanks.
[P2]> Read displayed messages carefully - error-messages are NOT highlighted.
[P2]> There exist restrictions for account-names and password-length (min/max) +++ types of characters to be used.

code_cn
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]>复制并粘贴社区代码,且前导空格和尾随空白。
[P2]>仔细阅读显示的消息-错误消息未突出显示。
[P2]>使用的字符名称和密码长度(最小/最大)+++类型存在限制。

code_cz
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Zkopírujte a vložte komunitní kód bez úvodních a koncových mezer.
[P2]> Přečtěte si pozorně zobrazené zprávy - chybové zprávy NEJSOU zvýrazněny.
[P2]> Existuje omezení pro názvy účtů a délku hesla (min / max) +++ typů znaků, které mají být použity.

code_de
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Kopieren und Einfügen des Community-Codes ohne führende und nachfolgende Leerzeichen.
[P2]> Lesen Sie die angezeigten Meldungen sorgfältig durch - Fehlermeldungen werden NICHT hervorgehoben.
[P2]> Es gibt Einschränkungen für Kontonamen und Kennwortlängen (min / max) +++ zu verwendende Zeichentypen.

code_es
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Copiar y pegar el código de comunidad sin espacios en blanco al principio y al final.
[P2]> Lea atentamente los mensajes mostrados; los mensajes de error NO están resaltados.
[P2]> Existe una restricción para los nombres de cuenta y la longitud de la contraseña (min / max) +++ tipos de caracteres que se utilizarán.

code_fr
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Copiez et collez le code de la communauté sans les espaces de début et de fin.
[P2]> Lisez attentivement les messages affichés - les messages d'erreur ne sont PAS mis en évidence.
[P2]> Il existe des restrictions pour les noms de compte et la longueur du mot de passe (min / max) +++ types de caractères à utiliser.

code_it
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Copia e incolla il codice della comunità senza spazi iniziali e finali.
[P2]> Leggi attentamente i messaggi visualizzati - i messaggi di errore NON sono evidenziati.
[P2]> Esistono limitazioni per i nomi di account e la lunghezza della password (min / max) +++ tipi di caratteri da utilizzare. 

code_jp
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]>先頭と末尾に空白を付けずにコミュニティコードをコピーして貼り付けます。
[P2]>表示されたメッセージを注意深く読んでください-エラーメッセージは強調表示されていません。
[P2]>使用するアカウント名とパスワードの長さ(最小/最大)+++タイプの文字には制限があります。

code_pl
-----------------------------------------------------
$ 2> Skopiuj i wklej kod społeczności bez początkowych i końcowych spacji.
$ 2> Przeczytaj uważnie wyświetlane komunikaty - komunikaty o błędach NIE są podświetlane.
$ 2> Istnieją ograniczenia dotyczące nazw kont i długości hasła (min / max) +++ typów używanych znaków.

code_pt
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Copie e cole o código da comunidade sem espaços em branco à esquerda e à direita.
[P2]> Leia as mensagens exibidas com atenção - as mensagens de erro NÃO são destacadas.
[P2]> Existem restrições para nomes de contas e comprimento de senha (min / max) +++ tipos de caracteres a serem usados.

code_ru
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Скопируйте и вставьте код сообщества без начальных и конечных пробелов.
[P2]> Внимательно прочтите отображаемые сообщения - сообщения об ошибках НЕ выделяются.
[P2]> Существуют ограничения на использование имен учетных записей и длины пароля (мин. / Макс.) +++ типов символов.

code_uk
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Скопіюйте та вставте код спільноти без початкових та кінцевих пробілів.
[P2]> Уважно читайте відображені повідомлення - повідомлення про помилки НЕ виділяються.
[P2]> Існує обмеження для імен облікових записів та довжини пароля (мін. / Макс.) +++ типів символів, які слід використовувати.

hacking
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> hacking/cracking/piracy and related tools are off-topic at spotchat-irc
[P2]> you wont get any help on that here

procon
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> pro/con- ... worst/best- discussions should be kept at #linuxmint-chat - use /join #linuxmint-chat
[P2]> they are not really related to 'help with issues' / many people are attending the chat-channel too

nopm
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Don't use PM: support should be kept at #linuxmint-help, as: if you would get wrong advice (by mistake), other people could see and stop it.
[P2]> Besides that have some users (like me) blocked PM to avoid spam ++ it's good habit to ask the other party first, if a PM would be ok.

bug
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Bugs for upstream software (from ubuntu/debian) should be reported to the maintainer/bugtracker; show related information by: apt show <package-name>
[P2]> ONLY linuxmint related bugs/issues should be reported at a matching project at https://github.com/linuxmint.
[P2]> If you cant spot a matching mint-project, use: https://github.com/linuxmint/linuxmint
[P2]> In any case check existing bug-reports first, to avoid duplicate entries (prefer adding your finding to existing 'open' issues)

idea
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> here 'users-helping-users' (at least almost not mint-devs); ... suggestions are collected at 2 places:
[P2]> 1) https://community.linuxmint.com/ (requires to be registered there): open your profile there (burger-menu top left) -> Heading 'Ideas' -> button 'new'
[P2]> 2) Some people add ideas too as 'issues' at https://github.com/linuxmint/linuxmint (requires you to have/setup a github-account).

cpm
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> copy commands from hexchat to terminal:  1) mark text/commands at hexchat with your mouse (will be copied to the clipboard automatically); 2) right-click into terminal -> select paste
[P2]> copy text/urls displayed from terminal to irc:  1) mark text in terminal with your mouse, right-click -> select copy; 2) right-click into hexchat input-field -> select paste.

cpm_de
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Kommandos von hexchat ins terminal kopieren:  1) markiere Text/Kommandos mit der Maus in hexchat (wird automatisch ins clipboard kopiert); 2) Rechts-Klick ins Terminal -> wähle Einfügen
[P2]> Text/urls vom Terminal in den IRC kopieren:  1) markiere Text im Terminal mit der Maus, Rechts-Klick -> wähle Kopieren; 2) Rechts-Klick in das Eingabe-Feld in Hexchat -> wähle Einfügen.

cpk
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> copy commands from hexchat to terminal:  1) mark text/commands with your mouse; 2) left-click into terminal -> press SHIFT+CTRL+V
[P2]> copy text/urls displayed from terminal to irc:  1) mark text in terminal with your mouse -> press SHIFT-CTRL+C; 2) left-click into hexchat input-field -> press CTRL+V

cpk_de
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Kommandos von hexchat ins terminal kopieren:  1) markiere Text/Kommandos mit der Maus in hexchat (wird automatisch ins clipboard kopiert); 2) Links-Klick ins Terminal -> drücke SHIFT+STRG+V
[P2]> Text/urls vom Terminal in den IRC kopieren:  1) markiere Text im Terminal mit der Maus, -> drücke SHIFT-STRG+C; 2)  Links-Klick ins hexchat Eingabe-Feld -> drücke STRG+V

cp
-----------------------------------------------------

[P2]> copy commands from hexchat to terminal:  1) mark text/commands at hexchat with your mouse (will be copied to the clipboard automatically); 2) right-click into terminal -> select paste
[P2]> copy text/urls displayed from terminal to irc:  1) mark text in terminal with your mouse, right-click -> select copy; 2) right-click into hexchat input-field -> select paste.
[P2]> please only share paste-service links, or MAX 3 lines of text with IRC ...

cp_de
-----------------------------------------------------

[P2]> Kommandos von hexchat ins terminal kopieren:  1) markiere Text/Kommandos mit der Maus in hexchat (wird automatisch ins clipboard kopiert); 2) Rechts-Klick ins Terminal -> wähle Einfügen
[P2]> Text/urls vom Terminal in den IRC kopieren:  1) markiere Text im Terminal mit der Maus, Rechts-Klick -> wähle Kopieren; 2) Rechts-Klick in das Eingabe-Feld in Hexchat -> wähle Einfügen.
[P2]> bitte teile nur links von paste-Diensten oder MAXIMAL 3 Zeilen Text im IRC ...

dbad
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Use some common sense == DBAD - you are disturbing others seeking help
[P2]> Channel rules: https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=224270  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

dpaste
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> use  http://dpaste.com/ (<- click onto link(s) to open): paste longer output there, press the 'Create ->'-button and return the updated browser url here
[P2]> please only share paste-service links, or MAX 3 lines of text with IRC ...

imgur
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Use https://imgur.com/upload (<- click onto link(s) to open) to share screenshots/images and return the created link here - You can use drag&drop - to place screenshots at the website
[P2]> cinnamon: Screenshot active window only:  ALT+PrtScrn // SS entire desktop: PrtScrn  // SS an area:  SHIFT+PrtScrn and use mouse to select
[P2]> xfce: PrtScrn and select what to do - likely add a some seconds timeout  // mate: just PrtScrn

register
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there is a nice tutorial available at the forum about registering a nick + setup of hexchat
[P2]> https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=266175#Step1 (<- click onto link(s) to open)

hexlog
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> HexChat does offer to create log-files of your conversations, so you could lookup details again at a later time.
[P2]> Open menu 'Settings'->'Preferences';  Select 'Chatting'..'Logging' from 'Categories' on the left, then turn on 'Enable logging of conversations to disk'  on the right and close the dialog with 'OK'
[P2]> For #linuxmint-help @spotchat.irc (=this channel) the logfile will be created at ~/.config/hexchat/logs/linux\ mint/#linuxmint-help.log

nick
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> To address people, type 2-3 characters of the nickname and press TAB to auto-expand it.

nickwhy
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Messages containing nicknames will be highlighted for the according people = you are talking to her/him/them.
[P2]> Some people have setup an additional alarm-sound when being addressed ...thus you are 'ringing a bell' by adressing them.

ignore
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> you are able to suppress disturbing messages of others.
[P2]> If using hexchat: right-click onto the user-name and select 'Ignore' (to remove users from the ignore-list, use menu: Window -> Ignore List)
[P2]> or use the irc-command: /ignore <hostmask> (use /unignore <hostmask> to remove a ignore again)

inxi
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> What is that 'inxi' used for ?? - https://www.orcus.de/IRC/inxi.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

inxiS
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> copy the following complete command to your terminal, if done right, it will only show a termbin link, which you share at IRC:
[P2]> inxi -Sxx
[P2]> please only share paste-service links, or MAX 3 lines of text with IRC ...

inxiF
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> copy the following complete command to your terminal, if done right, it will only show a termbin link, which you share at IRC:
[P2]> inxi -Fxxrzc0|nc termbin.com 9999
[P2]> please only share paste-service links, or MAX 3 lines of text with IRC ...

inxiN
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> copy the following complete command to your terminal, if done right, it will only show a termbin link, which you share at IRC:
[P2]> inxi -Nxxrzc0|nc termbin.com 9999
[P2]> please only share paste-service links, or MAX 3 lines of text with IRC ...

edge
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Use the cinnamon edge ISO, if you got some new(er) hw and face issues during boot: it comes with a newer kernel and updated components to support new chipsets and devices.
[P2]> https://linuxmint-user-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/edge.html (<- click onto link(s) to open)

verify
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> verify an ISO using a linuxmint filemanager - right-click onto the ISO-file and select the  'Check SHA256' - the calculation will take some time - compare the shown value against  (click onto link(s) to open ->):
[P2]>  20.2: https://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/linuxmint.com/stable/20.2/sha256sum.txt
[P2]>  19.3: https://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/linuxmint.com/stable/19.3/sha256sum.txt
[P2]> LMDE4: https://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/linuxmint.com/debian/sha256sum.txt

oem
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> The 'OEM' grub entry of the linuxmint install media is used by hardware-vendors/computer-shops to setup a computer for a customer. If you are a regular user and didn't install already: reboot and use the regular=1st option from grub-menu instead.
[P2]> If you did install already and are running from your harddisk/ssd now: Backup personal/important data first and run the 'Prepare for shipping' (desktop-icon).
[P2]> IMPORTANT: This will offer an option on next reboot to create a new/real user account: the user OEM and his DATA will get DELETED at this point!
[P2]> More details: https://linuxmint-installation-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/oem.html  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

sw
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> software manager (and synaptic / apt) use the official repos (out of the box) - the applications offered there are tested and should work without issues. At installation, the required dependencies will get detected and resolved as they are needed. Update Manager will care about software installed that way = you get updates and bug-fixes.
[P2]> If anything fails on the used programs - due to a misbehaving install of another software, or broken updates - software installed using the 'official' way should be repairable or removeable in most cases without issues.
[P2]> Using SNAPs is NOT suggested (and it's NOT the mint-way, you might want to use flatpak instead if being available) - read the section 'Snap' at https://blog.linuxmint.com/?p=3906  (<- click onto link(s) to open)
[P2]> Using software from the internet is like giving a random stranger the keys of your house to make party and hope he would leave some day if being asked. While using PPAs (private public archives) or deb-files do better integrate with apt (at least they should) - using tar-ed software or source-code which needs to be compiled into the system is some of the worst scenario one could use.

alternativeto
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> alternativeto.net is a nice resource to search for replacement software
[P2]> software is listed by user-votes + does offer user comments and reviews
[P2]> https://alternativeto.net/software/[P3]/?platform=linux (<- click onto link(s) to open)

search
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> using some alternative search-enginge does often help to get answers (instead of advertisement)
[P2]> https://www.startpage.com/do/dsearch?query=[P3]+[P4]+[P5]+[P6] (<- click onto link(s) to open)

wine
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> read the wine-section at the release-notes; you install wine using:  apt install wine-installer
[P2]> 19.3 release notes - https://linuxmint.com/rel_tricia.php
[P2]> 20.3 release notes - https://linuxmint.com/rel_una.php (<- click onto link(s) to open)

lutris
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> If you face at startup of lutris an error-message about dxvk_versions.json is missing, read:
[P2]> https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=47&t=339866&p=1954463&hilit=lutris+wget#p1954463 (<- click onto link(s) to open)
[P2]> To get you the missing file from one of the lutris forum moderators private attachments use (UNDERSTAND/ACCEPT THE RISK):
[P2]> wget https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/538903130704838656/796102070825779250/dxvk_versions.json -P /home/arnim/.local/share/lutris/runtime/dxvk

ventoy
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Have a look at ventoy // read https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?p=1952329#p1952329 (thx to ThaCrip).
[P2]> After initial setup of an usb-device by ventoy, you just copy (multiple) ISO files onto the usb stick/pendrive (linux,windows,...) using the filemanager.
[P2]> Booting the usb-device does offer a menu to select and 'run' available ISOs.

woeusb
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> with mint 20.x woeusb is broken (missing dependencies) and cant be used to create windows bootable media
[P2]> read and follow https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?p=1952329#p1952329 (thx to ThaCrip) for a working alternative (<- click onto link(s) to open)

bootgrub
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> entering grub-menu at boot - https://www.orcus.de/IRC/bootgrub.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)
[P2]> with a fresh install of linux mint 19.3 the hotkeys are NOT working as expected, to bypass this issue: https://www.orcus.de/IRC/patch-grub19.htm
[P2]> for other cases where the hotkeys are not working (or if you do not want to touch grub.cfg at all) use the workaround  https://www.orcus.de/IRC/bootgrub.htm#live-mint

bootparam
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> edit kernel params using grub-menu - https://www.orcus.de/IRC/bootparam.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

bootkernel
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> select a different kernel version using grub-menu - https://www.orcus.de/IRC/bootkernel.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

busybox
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> stuck on busybox (initramfs) on boot - possible fixes - https://www.orcus.de/IRC/busybox.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

grubedit
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> grub kernel param can be made permanent by editing GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT of /etc/default/grub and updating grub.cfg afterwards
[P2]> https://www.orcus.de/IRC/grubedit.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

grubshow
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> 1) Display grub-menu on startup without key-press: just add a comment character # in front of the two lines starting with GRUB_HIDDEN...
[P2]> 2) optional - display text-output from the machine startup instead of the splash-image: Replace the contents of quiet splash with with nosplash.
[P2]> To increase the resolution for more textoutput use nosplash vga=1024x768

kernelsel
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Selecting an (older) kernel from grub-menu:  with a default grub setup available kernels are selectable in the 'Advances options for...' -section of grub-menu and are shown in descending order. Until otherwise preselected the first entry will be the current version displayed on the grub main-menu.
[P2]> current mint-version: 2 entries per kernel-version - a regular one (for daily use) and an entry ending with '(recovery mode)' (which is used for administrative and recovery tasks only)
[P2]> older mint-versions: 3 entries per kernel-version - a regular one, one for an alternative init-system (rarely to be used) and an recovery-entry

grubsave
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> With a more reglar setup (not using brfs, zfs for you root filesystem) you should be able to make use of the grub save(d) feature:
[P2]> You can adjust grub to save your last manual selection of a kernel-version or an installed OS to be used as the new default for further sessions.
[P2]> (which is sometimes useful if you want to use a different kernel in case the newest/default one gives you issues) https://www.orcus.de/IRC/grub-saved.htm  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

kerneladd
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Use the update-manager (shield icon on the lower-right) - menu: View->Linux kernels to add kernels.
[P2]> Added kernels will ONLY get preselected as new default, if offering a higher version-number than existing ones;
[P2]> use grub-menu, Advanced section on boot, to select a different kernel manually if needed.

kerneldel
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Use the update-manager (shield icon on the lower-right) - menu: View->Linux kernels to delete kernels.
[P2]> The kernel currently used  (marked as active) cant be removed - to delete the according kernel: reboot, select another kernel from grub-menu Advanced -section.
[P2]> Keep at least another kernel 'known to be working' besides the active one as fallback.

instscrcpy
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Install a native prebuilt version of scrcpy (Linux Mint 19.3 or LMDE4) or build a native version of scrcyp-client yourself:
[P2]> https://www.orcus.de/IRC/scrcpy.htm  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

fixcryptbug
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> if you experience issues with a long boot-delay (or sometimes even random freezes) - there has been a bug with the installer at 19.1 when using encryption (especially with /home) that does result in a mismatch of the uuid for the encrypted swap (file/partition) not matching the according entry in fstab (it's using the wrong=old uuid of the not-encrypted swap) - see https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=274157#p1532861 
[P2]> compare files with    cat  /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume      and     cat /etc/fstab  // ONLY if this is the case for you: move away the current resume-file to a safe-location and recreate the initial ramdisk using:
[P2]> sudo mv /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume ~/old-resume; sudo update-initramfs -u; sudo sync;
[P2]> in rare cases (if updating the most recent initial ramdisk does not help) you might have to update all initial ramdisks using: sudo update-initramfs -u -k all; sudo sync;

fixprofile
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> With it's default setup LMDE 3 (cindy) does not source /etc/profile /etc/xprofile and ~/.profile or ~/.xprofile on x-session startup using lightdm DM.
[P2]> To fix the issue -  https://www.orcus.de/main_workarounds/lmde3_fix_profile.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

fixss
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Open Software Sources, click 'Restore the default settings', turn off any ppas or extra repos (on left side), click Maintenance (on left side), then click 'Fix MergeList problems' and 'Purge residual configuration'.
[P2]> close software sources when done, then at a terminal: apt install -f
[P2]> if finished without errors:  apt update   # if this lists available updates, run update manager, press the 'Refresh' button there and install missing updates

fixgrub19
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> With the default setup of linuxmint 19.x you will not be able to enter the grub-menu on boot using the regular hotkeys.
This maybe fatal for installations, which require you to add kernel-params on boot to bypass common issues.
[P2]> You can patch the grub.cfg using a live-mint to make grub-menu visible and accessible on boot -  https://www.orcus.de/IRC/patch-grub19.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open) 

fixowner
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> to sort out if you are affected by 'broken' owner-ship of files/folders:
[P2]>  https://www.orcus.de/IRC/notowner.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

fixacpi
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]>  the acpi-implementation at some (more) machines is faulty - sometimes it helps to turn off acpi usage via a kernel-param (sort of the big hammer) acpi=off  // BUT - you have to watch the output of sensors afterwards - as there are 3 possible outcomes:
[P2]>  a) machine runs fine = fans spin up, when needed - temps stay calm  b) fans run full power: better for the cpu/gpu - bad for your nervs  c) fans are permanenty stopped =>  not good, reboot without the kernel-param.

fixconf
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> An easy cross-check to exclude some user-related issue (broken config, permission- or ownership-related issues, installed addins/desklets) is to create a fresh user and test if it's working there.
[P2]> details and howto reset configs if needed -> https://www.orcus.de/IRC/fixconfig.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

luks
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> To unlock a luks-encrypted volume from a live linux-mint using a point&click tool:
[P2]> https://orcus.de/main_workarounds/pub_ifaw/ot-unlock-luks.htm (<- just click onto link)

password
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> To fix/reset a forgotten user-password manually from a root-shell - https://www.orcus.de/main_workarounds/mint_reset_pw.htm
[P2]> (<- just click onto links to open ->)
[P2]> if you prefer a point&click tool (has to be run from a live-mint) - https://orcus.de/main_workarounds/pub_ifaw/ot-reset-pw.htm

ntfsdirty
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> To use a ntfs-partition from linux needing read-write access, you have to ensure your windows is cleanly shutdown.
[P2]> This means: disable the 'fast startup'-feature of windows (8/10) and don't use hibernate on the windows-side; see this for a short how to (click onto it) -> https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch001762.htm.
[P2]> To address a possible 2nd issue, (as you already have to boot windows): perform a filesystem-check of the windows partitions too, using: chkdsk

ntfsfix
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> ONLY in cases you have no windows-installation left, having some ntfs data-partitions marked as 'dirty': unmount the partition first and use (replacing sdXY with the partition-name):
[P2]> sudo ntfsfix -d /dev/sdXY
[P2]> to reset the dirty-bit from the linux-side. USE THIS ONLY in case you are not able to shutdown from the windows-side anymore, as it will drop the last outstanding updates of the ntfs = you might/will loose the last recent modifications of files!

ntfsmount
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> For most cases it's enough to mount an existing ntfs-partition using the file manager by clicking onto the according partition in the device-section.
[P2]> To mount a (ntfs-) partition permanently at boot (besides manually creating an according entry in /etc/fstab) one can use the tool disks from the accessories-menu (cinnamon) - open the menu and type disks will show it:
[P2]> 1) Select the according partition 2) click onto the gear-button below the partition-list, select 'Edit Mount Options ...' will show a new dialog: 3) turn off 'Automatic Mount Options' there 4) ensure 'Mount at Startup' is checked  5) the default-presets will be fine for most cases and can by accepted using 'OK' 6) close disks-tool and reboot: The partition will be mounted at the location defined in the 'Mount point'-entry.
[P2]> Hints: Adding  ,ro (replacing an existing rw) in the options-field (has no label before it) will mount the partition read-only // in case you don't like the predefined mount-point: create a folder at your preferred location + make it accessible at your needs  (for example: sudo mkdir /data; sudo chmod 777 /data) and use it instead the given one.

automount
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> To unmount all auto-mounted usb-devices - close all other applications, open a terminal and run:
[P2]> gio mount -u /media/arnim/*
[P2]> Alternative: To generally turn off the automount-feature of nemo (filemanager): select menu Edit->Preferences; select 'Behaviour'-section on the left and scroll down to 'Media Handling'-section. Uneck the option 'Automatically mount removeable media when inserted and on startup'.
[P2]> Close the dialog and eject the usb-device once by clicking onto the eject-icon next to the usb-device at the device-section, wait some seconds and insert it again.

lforum
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> There is a link-collection at the forum with valuable literature (html and/or pdf) about mint, linux in general and  bash. Some of the material is available in several languages.
[P2]> https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=266306&p=1448114#p1448114  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

lbash
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> bash beginners guide:  https://www.tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/ (<- just click onto the link) 
[P2]>   (pdf-download)     :  http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/Bash-Beginners-Guide.pdf
[P2]> advanced bash-scripting guide:  http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/index.html
[P2]>   (pdf-download)             :  http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/abs-guide.pdf

lnoob
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> linux-mint PDF : https://www.linuxmint.com/documentation.php (<- click onto link(s) to open) available in several languages
[P2]> guide to linux : https://linuxjourney.com/
[P2]> mint tutorials : https://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/search

larch
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> arch wiki provides an excellent resource for many Linux details (mainly different in package management, which is negligible for many topics)
[P2]> arch wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php  (<- click onto link(s) to open)

bookcpp
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> CPP:   B. Stroustroup 'The c++ programming language'; Meyers: 'Effective C++' / 'Effective STL'; Rector+Sells: 'ATL Internals' (even for MS-haters: some guys just know how to build frameworks);
[P2]> Software-Engineering:   Gamma et. al 'Design Patterns'; Sedgewick: 'Algorithms in C++';  Booch et al.: 'The unified modeling Language';
[P2]> common coding practices:   S. Mc Connell: 'Code Complete'; (1984 AT&T Bell Laboratories, A. Koenig) 'C Traps and Pitfalls'

addlibera
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> to connect to libera.chat (for a onetime usage): /newserver ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697  (<-or right-click onto the networkname and select connect)
[P2]> after being connected, type: /list  to get a list of available channels; it helps to use the filter edit field to search for interesting channels there and sort channels by the number of user being there by clicking onto the user column header
[P2]> to setup a permanent/new entry to your hexchat network-list read: https://www.orcus.de/video/hexchat-add-libera-chat.txt  and/or watch https://www.orcus.de/video/hexchat-add-libera-chat.mp4 (<- click onto link(s) to open)

libera
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exists a specialized channel at libera.chat irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#[P3]
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_android
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist android-related channels at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#android,#android-dev
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/##java
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_bash
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exists a bash-related channel at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#bash
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_net
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on networking and security at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> networking: (general) ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#networking // (advanced - protocol neutral) ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/##networking 
[P2]> security: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/##security
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_centos
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on centos and rhel at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> centos: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#centos  ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#centos-devel
[P2]> red hat: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#rhel  open stack: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#rdo
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_vm
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on virtual machines at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> vbox: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#vbox | vmware: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#vmware
[P2]> kvm : ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#kvm  | qemu  : ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#qemu
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_ff
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exists a channel for firefox at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> firefox: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#firefox
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_win
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on windows at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> windows-general: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/##windows
[P2]> windows-server : ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/##windows-server
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_wine
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Read the wine-section of the mint release notes ++ check app-compatibility for your windows-program at: https://appdb.winehq.org
[P2]> there exist wine and playonlinux channels at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> libera.chat-irc: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#playonlinux,#winehq
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_cpp
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on c and c++ at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> c  : ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#c
[P2]> c++: ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#C++,#c++-basic
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_java
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on java at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#java
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

li_python
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> there exist channels specialized on python at libera.chat-irc (using hexchat: right-click onto link(s) and select 'Connect'):
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#python      - Anything about Python is on-topic.
[P2]> ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#python-dev  - Python core development discussion
[P2]> NOTE: at some more libera-channels, only registered users are able to write/ask or even join => read: https://libera.chat/guides/registration

lang
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> all languages are welcome, just give it a try. If anybody has an answer, she/he will reply.
[P2]> english often gets more/faster replies -> use one of: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- click onto link(s) to open)

lang_ar
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> كل اللغات مرحب بها ، فقط قم بتجربتها. إذا كان لدى أي شخص إجابة ، فسوف يرد.
[P2]> تحصل اللغة الإنجليزية غالبًا على ردود أكثر / أسرع -> الاستخدام: https://translate.google.com (<- انقر فوق الارتباط (الارتباطات) لفتح

lang_cn
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> 欢迎所有语言,请尝试一下。 如果有人有答案,他/他会答复
[P2]> 英语通常会得到更多/更快的答复->使用:https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com(<-单击链接以打开)

lang_cz
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> všechny jazyky jsou vítány, zkuste to. Pokud má někdo odpověď, odpoví.
[P2]> angličtina často dostává více / rychlejší odpovědi -> použití: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- kliknutím otevřete odkaz)

lang_de
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Alle Sprachen sind willkommen, probieren Sie es einfach aus. Wenn jemand eine Antwort hat, wird er / sie antworten.
[P2]> Englisch bekommt oft mehr / schnellere Antworten -> benutze: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- zum  Öffnen anklicken)

lang_es
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Todos los idiomas son bienvenidos, solo pruébalo. Si alguien tiene una respuesta, él / ella responderá.
[P2]> el inglés a menudo recibe respuestas más / más rápidas -> use: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- haga clic para descargar para abrir)

lang_fr
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Toutes les langues sont les bienvenues, essayez-le. Si quelqu'un a une réponse, il / elle répondra.
[P2]> les réponses en anglais sont souvent plus nombreuses et plus rapides -> utilisez: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- cliquez pour télécharger (s) pour ouvrir)

lang_gr
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> όλες οι γλώσσες είναι ευπρόσδεκτες, απλά δοκιμάστε. Αν κάποιος έχει μια απάντηση, θα απαντήσει.
[P2]> τα αγγλικά συχνά παίρνουν περισσότερες / ταχύτερες απαντήσεις -> χρήση: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- κάντε κλικ στο link (s) για να ανοίξετε)

lang_hi
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> सभी भाषाओं का स्वागत है, बस इसे आज़माएं। यदि किसी के पास कोई उत्तर है, तो वह उत्तर देगा।
[P2]> अंग्रेजी में अक्सर अधिक / तेज उत्तर मिलते हैं -> उपयोग: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- खोलने के लिए लिंक पर क्लिक करें)

lang_hu
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Minden nyelv várható, csak próbálja ki. Ha valakinek van választ, akkor válaszol.
[P2]> Az angol gyakran több / gyorsabb választ kap -> használja: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- kattintson a link (ek) re a megnyitáshoz) 

lang_id
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> semua bahasa dipersilakan, coba saja. Jika ada yang punya jawaban, dia akan menjawab.
[P2]> bahasa Inggris sering mendapat balasan lebih banyak / lebih cepat -> gunakan: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- klik tautan untuk membuka)

lang_it
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> tutte le lingue sono benvenute, provalo. Se qualcuno ha una risposta, lei / lui risponderà.
[P2]> l'inglese ottiene spesso risposte più / più veloci -> usa: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- fai clic sui link per aprire)

lang_jp
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> すべての言語を歓迎します。試してみてください。 誰かが答えがあれば、彼女/彼は答えます。
[P2]> 英語では、多くの場合、より多くの/より速い返信が得られます->使用:https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com(<-リンクをクリックして開きます)

lang_pl
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> wszystkie języki są mile widziane, po prostu spróbuj. Jeśli ktoś ma odpowiedź, ona / ona odpowie.
[P2]> angielski często otrzymuje więcej / szybszych odpowiedzi -> użyj: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- kliknij na link (y), aby otworzyć)

lang_pt
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Todos os idiomas são bem-vindos, tente. Se alguém tiver uma resposta, ela responderá.
[P2]> o inglês geralmente recebe respostas mais / mais rápidas -> use: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- clique para baixar (s) para abrir)

lang_ri
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> semua bahasa dipersilakan, coba saja. Jika ada yang punya jawaban, dia akan menjawab.
[P2]> bahasa inggris sering mendapat balasan lebih banyak / lebih cepat -> gunakan: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- klik tautan untuk membuka)

lang_ru
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> все языки приветствуются, просто попробуйте. Если у кого-то есть ответ, он / она ответит.
[P2]> английский часто получает больше / быстрее ответов -> использовать: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- нажмите на ссылку (и), чтобы открыть)

lang_sl
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> všetky jazyky sú vítané, skúste to. Ak má niekto odpoveď, odpovie.
[P2]> angličtina často dostáva viac / rýchlejšie odpovede -> použitie: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- kliknutím otvoríte odkaz)

lang_th
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> ยินดีต้อนรับทุกภาษาเพียงลองใช้งาน หากใครมีคำตอบเธอ / เขาจะตอบกลับ
[P2]> ภาษาอังกฤษมักจะได้รับคำตอบมากกว่า / เร็วกว่า -> การใช้: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- คลิกที่ลิงค์เพื่อเปิด)

lang_tu
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> tüm diller açıktır, sadece bir deneyin. Birinin cevabı varsa, cevap verecektir.
[P2]> İngilizce genellikle daha fazla / daha hızlı yanıt alır -> kullan: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- açmak için bağlantılara tıklayın)

lang_uk
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> всі мови вітаються, просто спробуйте. Якщо хтось має відповідь, він / він відповість.
[P2]> англійська часто отримує більше / швидші відповіді -> використання: https://www.deepl.com/translator  https://translate.google.com (<- натисніть на посилання), щоб відкрити)

i_es
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Hola canal de ayuda en español:
[P2]> ircs://irc.rizon.net/linux-es (<- solo haga clic en)

i_ru
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Здравствуйте, есть русский канал:
[P2]> /join #linuxmint-ru (<- щелчок правой кнопкой + присоединение к каналу)
[P2]> Примечание: Вы можете писать там только после небольшого перерыва - просто подождите ... повеселитесь и поприветствуйте коллег.

nano
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> nano is an easy to use editor for the terminal/console - https://www.orcus.de/IRC/nano.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

smart
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> to check hdd/ssd smartvalues use the   disks   - tool (open menu + type disks will show it)
[P2]> select the drive to check from the device-list, click onto the burger/gear-icon top-right: 'Smart Data & Self Tests...'
[P2]> if assessments do fail (!= OK) or you notice 'Reallocated Sector Count' being > 0 : you might want to backup data; if 'reallocated sector count' does increase over the time (just recheck after some hours/days) = the disk is dying, replace it

audio
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> audio-setup is sort of try&error -   https://www.orcus.de/IRC/audio.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

bash44
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Mint 19.x (and later) does use bash 4.4, which has some unexpected changes for people used to bash 4.3 and older
[P2]> https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2016-09/msg00012.html (<- click onto link(s) to open)

veracrypt
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> have a look at veracrypt (or truecrypt) - it does create/use containers which are usable at windows machines too - just search on the web for it.
[P2]> It does offer an easy to use gui for setting up and 'mounting' the containers. Mounted containers are usable like a regular partition with the file manager or applications.
[P2]> vercrypt (based on older truecrypt) is well known for it's excellent encryption  + it does allow one to setup hidden volumes too ... which is important for being a 'plausible deniable' in case you have need for that...

pyhttp
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> create a temporary http-server at a host-machine to access files from a client-machine this way
[P2]> http://orcus.de/main_workarounds/pub_ifaw/pyhtm.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

kbd_enus
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Cheat-sheet with an en-US keyboard layout:
[P2]> https://www.orcus.de/Entities/pages/main_workarounds/mint_reset_pw/keyboard-1280x552.png (<- click onto link(s) to open)

compare
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> Compare memory- and disk-footprint of mint versions and editions:
> https://www.orcus.de/IRC/mint-compare.htm (<- click onto link(s) to open)

deinfo
-----------------------------------------------------
.. current info (german): [P2]
via google-translate: http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=de&tl=en&u=[P2]

about
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> ... some 'advertisement' for irc-supporters ....
[P2]> ot-snippet - output multiline snippets with parameter-substitution at irc
[P2]> https://orcus.de/main_support/ot-snippet.htm (<- click onto link to open / the 'country-flag' at the page opens google-translate)
[P2]> ..to output this text, requires only to type: /s about [P2]

bbl
-----------------------------------------------------
... fatal error: 'user out of coffee' - bbl ...

ny
-----------------------------------------------------
you're welcome [P2] - enjoy 2022

bye
-----------------------------------------------------
... decomposes into dust and disappears into the coffin - g' night

magic
-----------------------------------------------------
[P2]> using the power-button to forcefully shutdown should be the last option - in any case try using the magic sysrequest first - see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key (<- click onto link(s) to open)
[P2]> reboot  : press+hold Alt+PrtScrn while typing slowly r e i s u b
[P2]> shutdown: press+hold Alt+PrtScrn while typing slowly r e i s u o

press Shift+PgUp to scroll back
press RETURN to close window